前言

常用的Web Server是Nginx, Apache等。Go可以几行代码就可以创建Web Serve。

这里使用net.http包,十分简单就可以实现一个建议的http服务器。
从简单到复杂，分成几个个版本。
参考官方net/http文档

版本1

文件server.go

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package main

import (
	"net/http"
	"io"
)
	
func main() {
	http.HandleFunc("/", HelloServer)
	http.ListenAndServe(":5000", nil)
}

func HelloServer(w http.ResponseWriter, req * http.Request) {
	io.WriteString(w, "hello, world!")
}

运行 go run server.go
测试访问localhost:5000时，返回hello, world

版本2

对代码进行简单修改

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package main

import (
	"net/http"
	"io"
)
	
func main() {
	http.HandleFunc("/", HelloServer)
	http.HandleFunc("/test", TestServer)
	http.ListenAndServe(":5000", nil)
}

func HelloServer(w http.ResponseWriter, req * http.Request) {
	io.WriteString(w, "hello, world!")
}

func TestServer(w http.ResponseWriter, req * http.Request) {
	io.WriteString(w, "Url: " + req.URL.Path)
}

访问localhost:5000时，返回hello, world
访问localhost:5000/test时，返回访问路径Url:/test

版本3

增加路由判断

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package main

import (
	"net/http"
)
	
func main() {
	http.HandleFunc("/", handle)
	http.ListenAndServe(":5000", nil)
}

func handle(w http.ResponseWriter, req * http.Request) {
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain")
	
	url := req.URL.Path
	if url == "/" {
		w.Write([]byte("hello, world!.\n"))
	}else{
		w.Write([]byte("Url:" + url + ".\n"))
	}
}

通过handle方法，统一接受所有请求，针对不同Url，返回不同数据

版本4

通过http.NewServeMux()增加连接超时时间

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package main

import (
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"time"
)

func main(){
	mux := http.NewServeMux()
	mux.Handle("/", &MyHandle{})
	mux.HandleFunc("/say", sayBye)

	srv := &http.Server{
		Addr: ":5000",
		WriteTimeout:time.Second * 3,
		Handler:mux,
	}
	log.Println("Service start :5000")
	log.Fatal(srv.ListenAndServe())
}

func HandleFunc(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request){
	w.Write([]byte("success"))
}

type MyHandle struct{}

func (*MyHandle) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request){
	w.Write([]byte("success now"))
}

func sayBye(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request){
	w.Write([]byte("bye bye, this is v2"))
}